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Brominated and iodinated disinfection by-products
Bednář, Jiří ; Načeradská, Jana (advisor) ; Kopecká, Ivana (referee)
The reaction of a disinfectant with natural organic matter in the presence of bromides and iodides in raw water intended as a source of drinking water produces brominated (Br-DBPs) and iodinated disinfection by-products (I-DBPs) of water. These tend to be more cytotoxic and genotoxic than their chlorinated analogues. However, little information is available on these products compared to chlorinated ones. Therefore, the aim of this work was to provide an overview of natural and anthropogenic sources of bromine and iodine containing substances, to determine their influence on the formation of brominated and iodinated disinfection by-products, and to compare their cytotoxicity and genotoxicity with chlorinated products. Increasing seawater intrusion into the groundwater drinking water source was found to increase the concentrations of Br-DBPs and I-DBPs by up to thousands of percent. A number of substances can be released from water pipe material depending on the material. These include, for example, tenorite and copper cation released from copper piping, iron cation released from cast iron and steel piping, and bromides and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) released from plastic piping. All of these corrosion products contribute to increasing concentrations of DBPs in the distribution network. Both seawater and...
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